Best External Hard Drive 2024: The Best SSDs and HDDs for Mac and PC

If you’re running out of space on your laptop or your cell and you’d rather not spend a fortune on terabytes of cloud storage – or you need somewhere to back up all your precious data – an external hard drive is the most convenient and cost-effective solution.

Our favorites – listed below and all individually reviewed and tested – start at low prices, allowing you to add huge amounts of extra storage for a relatively small amount of money.

External drives have never been so plentiful or affordable. Read on to find out which one you should spend your hard-earned cash on.

Best external hard drives: At a glance

Why you can trust us

We’ve been reviewing and testing external hard drives since the late 1990s, first in print magazines, and now online for Expert Reviews, and it’s fair to say we’ve reviewed hundreds of drives in that time. That doesn’t mean researching and testing gets any easier, however.

Technology moves on, prices change, and every year brings hard drives with new features. So we have to research the market every time we update this page to ensure it reflects the latest developments as well as the very best products you can buy.

Once we’ve narrowed down the drives we review, we run a series of benchmark tests on each one, so you can see how they perform compared to one another. If you want to know more about how we test external hard drives and see the results of these tests, read our buyer’s guide, which you’ll find below our reviews.

How we test external hard drives

When we evaluate external hard drives, we don’t just go on the important factors of features and price. We also benchmark every external hard drive we’ve selected for this page for performance, in order to find out how it compares with its rivals.

We test drives on a laptop and a PC, running the CrystalDiskMark and AS SSD benchmarks to evaluate performance across the following range of connections, where applicable:

• USB 3.2 Gen 1
• USB 3.2-C Gen 2
• USB 3.2 Gen 2 2×2
• USB 4/Thunderbolt 3
• Thunderbolt 4

This graph shows how some of the drives on this page compare against each other. The Samsung T9 is an SSD using the fast USB Gen 2 2×2 standard, while the Kingston XS1000 employs USB 3.2 Gen 2.

With the faster SSDs we also run applications and games directly from the drive to see how they hold up. Finally, we run file transfer tests using a folder of still image and video files, to check that real-world file transfer speeds match what we’re seeing in the benchmarks.

The best external hard drives to buy: SSDs

1.Samsung T9: Best jack-of-all-trades external SSD

Price when reviewed: $171 (1TB), $228 (2TB), $377 (4TB) | Check price at Amazon

The Samsung T9 is a drive for those who simply won’t compromise on performance. It comes with a super-fast SSD enclosed in an attractive case offering the very fastest connectivity standards.

In our tests, we found it was more than ten times faster than most portable HDDs, with speeds reaching a blinding 2,033.8MB/sec while reading large files and 1,870.9MB/sec for writes. While that isn’t quite as fast as the Seagate Firecuda Gaming SSD (see below), the difference is minimal.

Small file, random read/write speeds are also strong, making this a good choice for running games and apps. To get the best performance from this drive, however, do be aware you need a USB-C port that supports the USB 3.2 Gen 2×2 standard; without that, sequential read/write speeds drop by roughly 50% – that’s still pretty nippy, though.

Otherwise, this is a typically classy SSD from Samsung, with a thick, sculpted, rubberized casing that makes it drop-resistant for up to nine feet. The casing also keeps it cool in operation, while Samsung’s Magician software handles drive health checks and 265-bit hardware-based AES encryption. If you’re looking for a tough, high-performance SSD for content creation or business, this is a great jack-of-all-trades choice.

Key specs – Type: Portable SSD; Connectivity: USB 3.2 Gen 2×2 Type-C (max 20Gbits/sec), USB-3.2 Gen 2 Type A (max 10Gbits/sec)

2. Crucial X9 Pro: Best mainstream SSD

Price when reviewed: $101 (1TB), $180 (2TB), $237 (4TB) | Check price at Amazon

Not everyone needs the immense sequential read/write performance of a USB 3.2 Gen 2×2 SSD, and a surprising number of PCs and laptops don’t even support such drives at their full speed. If you’re stuck with a straight USB-C or USB-A 3.2 Gen 2 port, you’re better off sticking with a drive like the Crucial X9 Pro.

First, it’s excellent value, costing much less than the Samsung T9 if you want to buy a 2TB or 4TB drive. It’s also light at 1.34oz and very compact, while being incredibly well built. The dark gray aluminum shell is IP55-certified for water and dust resistance, and drop-proof from up to six feet. Crucial bundles in a USB-C to USB-C cable and a USB-A adapter, so you’re good to go across a wide range of devices.

Most of all, performance is as good as it gets across a USB 3.2 Gen 2 connection. In our tests, the X9 Pro reached sequential read speeds of 1,091MB/sec and write speeds of 1,013MB/sec, putting it in front of the Kingston XS1000 (below). Random read/write speeds weren’t as impressive, but you could still use the X9 Pro to run apps and games. More modern laptops and PC motherboards now support USB 3.2 Gen 2×2, but if yours doesn’t, this is the drive to buy.

Key specs – Type: Portable SSD; Connectivity: USB-C/A 3.2 Gen 2 (max 10Gbits/sec)

3. Kingston XS1000: Best compact external SSD

Price when reviewed: $85 (1TB), $140 (2TB) | Check price at Amazon

We love the Kingston XS1000 not for its rapidity, but for its price and its tiny dimensions. Starting at well under $100 for the 1TB model, it’s much cheaper than some of its more exotic rivals, and despite not being the fastest SSD, it’s still a lot faster than a portable HDD.

Like its sibling, the XS2000, it measures a mere 1.28in wide and just 2.74in long, making it only a touch larger than a standard USB thumb drive. The matte black plastic and metal casing provide decent levels of protection, too.

Oddly, the XS1000 connects via a USB-C port on the drive but Kingston only includes a USB-C to USB-A cable in the case. It works perfectly well with a USB-C to USB-C connection, though, and it provides the same levels of performance, too, although you’ll need to provide the cable.

The Kingston XS1000 isn’t the fastest external SSD, only connecting over USB 3.2 Gen 2, instead of the faster USB-C 3.2 2×2 of premium rivals like the Samsung T9. However, it reached 1,062MB/sec read speeds and 987.9MB/sec write speeds in our tests, which is more than respectable.

Read our full Kingston XS10000 review

Key specs – Type: Portable SSD; Connectivity: USB-A 3.2 Gen 2 (max 10Gbits/sec)

4. Western Digital WD_Black P40: Best external SSD for gamers

Price when reviewed: $120 (1TB), $220 (2TB) | Check price at Amazon

The WD_Black P40 is a great SSD for gamers, particularly those who find everything improved by the addition of RGB lighting. Here, strips underneath each side can be illuminated with a range of color shifting and pulsing effects, adding interest to the cool industrial style.

Just be aware that while PC gamers with 20Gbits/sec USB 3.2 Gen 2×2 connections can make the most of this drive’s high performance, console gamers will be stuck at lower 10Gbits/sec USB 3.2 Gen 2 speeds.

If you have the right ports, performance is amazing. In our testing, the WD_Black P40 posted faster sequential read and write speeds than even the mighty Samsung T9. And while it fell behind very slightly when it came to random read/write speeds, it was still far faster than most of the competition. You could happily run most of your Steam games library directly from this SSD, with games and saved games loading quickly.

Sure, it’s one of the most expensive external SSDs, but it’s speedy, eye-catching, and comes with genuinely useful software. It’s the gaming drive to buy if your PC or laptop supports USB 3.2 Gen 2×2.

Key specs – Type: Portable SSD; Connectivity: USB-C 3.2 Gen 2 (max 20Gbits/sec)

The best external hard drives to buy: HDDs

1. Seagate One Touch: Best cheap HDD

Price when reviewed: $70 (1TB), $90 (2TB), $135 (4TB), $140 (5TB) | Check prices at Amazon

The Seagate One Touch is fantastic value for money, particularly if you’re buying the 4TB to 5TB versions. Like most Seagate drives, the One Touch has a good reputation for reliability. The read and write speeds aren’t anything to write home about (we measured performance at 145MB/sec and 136MB/sec for large-file reads and writes), but they’re good enough for basic storage and backup duties.

Seagate also sweetens the deal with Mylio Create photo-management software and a four-month membership of the Adobe Creative Cloud Photography plan. It didn’t really need to; this drive is already fantastic value.

Key specs – Type: Portable HDD; Connectivity: USB 3.2 Gen 1 (max 5Gbits/sec) Spindle speed: 5,400rpm

2. Seagate One Touch Hub: Best high-capacity desktop HDD

Price when reviewed: From $122 (4TB) to $480 (20TB) | Check prices at Amazon

The Seagate One Touch Hub is our choice as the best of the high-capacity desktop drives, and it takes over from the older Seagate Backup Plus Hub. Like the old model it’s a chunky unit that takes power from an external 18W power adapter, so it isn’t suited to life in your bag or on the road.

However, it makes up for that inconvenience by doubling as a two-port USB hub, with a USB-A 3 and a USB-C 3.2 Gen 2 socket on the front that allows you to hook up extra devices to your laptop or PC, or charge your smartphone. And it’s available in a huge range of capacities, starting at 1TB, ranging all the way up to 20TB.

What’s more, the external power allows for faster performance than portable HDDs; we measured sequential read/write speeds of 189MB/sec and 151MB/sec. These speeds will save you a few minutes if you’re running full-scale backups or storing large video, audio, or game files.

Key specs – Type: Desktop HDD; Connectivity: 1x USB 3.0 Type B (upstream), 1 x USB 3.0 Type A, 1x USB 3.2 Gen Type-C (downstream); Spindle speed: Not specified

3. Toshiba Canvio Flex: Best for USB-A and USB-C connectivity

Price when reviewed: $87 (2TB), $123 (4TB) | Check price at Amazon

The Toshiba Canvio Flex has a few advantages over some of our other choices on this page. First, it comes with both USB-C and USB-A cables, enabling you to use it on a wide range of PCs, laptops, convertibles, and consoles, right out of the box.

Second, and more importantly, it’s relatively fast by HDD standards. In our tests, we measured large-file read speeds of over 150MB/sec and write speeds of 160MB/sec. Like most mechanical hard drives, however, its random read/write speeds aren’t brilliant so we’d recommend an SSD for actively running Windows apps or games.

Still, add a compact but robust enclosure with a silver lid, and you’ve got one of the best external HDDs around – and an affordable option too. Toshiba also includes its own easy-to-use backup software, along with a three-year warranty.

Key specs – Type: Portable HDD; Connectivity: USB 3.2 Gen 1 (max 5Gbits/sec), USB-C; Spindle speed: 5,400rpm

4. Toshiba Canvio Gaming: Best external HDD for PC and console gaming

Price when reviewed: $80 (2TB) | Check price at Amazon

The Canvio Gaming gives you more space to run and store games on older Xbox One or PS4 consoles, making it an ideal archive drive for games you’re not currently playing on an Xbox Series S/X or PS5 (games made for both consoles require SSD speeds to run). In our tests, we measured transfer speeds for large files at 149.79MB/sec for reads and 156.78MB/sec for writes – above average, and its random write speeds were surprisingly good, too. We did find that read speeds of smaller files were a touch disappointing, however.

Connected to an Xbox Series S, the Canvio Gaming loads old Xbox One games a second or so faster than the Seagate Backup Plus we did initial testing with, and it was also a few seconds faster when it comes to moving games on and off the internal SSD. For faster load times you’ll still want an SSD, but where performance isn’t the be-all and end-all, the Canvio Gaming will be more than good enough.

Key specs – Type: Portable HDD; Connectivity: USB 3.2 Gen 1 (max 5Gbits/sec); Spindle speed: 5,400rpm

How to choose the best external hard drive for you

External hard drives: The basics

All hard drives can be divided into two groups: SSDs and HDDs. That’s why we’ve split this page into two sections, one for each type.

SSDs (solid-state drives) have no moving parts and are faster performers than their HDD cousins. They’re more expensive, but they’re more portable and durable than HDDs.

• These are best for use where performance is critical: data that’s accessed all the time, such as for video-editing projects or for attaching to your games console.

We’ve listed our favorite SSDs at the top of the list above.

HDDs (hard disk drives) are mechanical devices that have spinning disks (platters) inside them, and heads that flit across those to read and write data. Although SSDs trump HDDs in most regards, high-capacity desktop HDDs are still popular for home data storage.

• They’re best for use in the home for backing up or archiving data that doesn’t need to be accessed all the time.

We’ve listed our favorite HDDs below the SSDs on the list above.

What kind of hard drive should I buy?

Buy an SSD if you:

• Need fast data transfer speeds
• Need something portable
• Need something durable

Buy an HDD if you:

• Need a large amount of storage (4TB and up)
• Need to save some cash

We recommend a few portable HDDs as cheaper alternatives to our favorite SSDs (all of which are portable), but note that they will not be as fast. Unless you need a massive capacity, we suggest plumping for an SSD if you can.

Are there any extra features worth having?

While Windows 10 and Windows 11 have their own backup tools (through OneDrive, System Image, and File History), some users still prefer old-fashioned third-party dedicated solutions – preferably something that will copy across any new and changed files for the day at a click. Many HDD and SSD manufacturers provide backup tools that do exactly that, along with tools for drive management or security.

In fact, many drives are supplied with built-in encryption tools, which encrypt the drive’s contents and only decrypt them when the correct code or password is entered, or – with some of the most security-conscious drives – when the encryption is deactivated through a smartphone app.

What on earth does all the jargon mean?

The world of external hard drives can be confusing at times. Product pages and packaging are littered with incomprehensible technical terminology that can be difficult to get your head around.

To help you out, we’ve used our knowledge and expertise to put together a quick list of core terms, so you can navigate the world of computer storage with confidence:

Thunderbolt 4 – A connectivity standard, favored by Mac laptops and high-end PCs and laptops, allowing data transfers of up to 40Gbits/sec.

USB-C – This is the newest, most convenient USB connector type, used by most modern smartphones, laptops, and now even iPhones. It’s compact, reversible, and compatible with a wide range of connectivity standards.

USB 3.2 Gen 1 – Drives supporting this standard can transfer data at up to 5Gbits/sec.

USB 3.2 Gen 2 – Drives supporting this standard can transfer data at up to 10Gbits/sec.

USB 3.2 Gen 2 2×2 – Drives supporting this standard can transfer data at up to 20Gbits/sec.

USB 4 – The latest USB standard, which allows hard drives to transfer data at up to 40Gbits/sec.

Cache – A small amount of RAM that acts as a sort of buffer, ensuring your hard disk isn’t twiddling its thumbs waiting for the CPU to pass it data to write from or read to.

SSD – Instead of the spinning platters and moving heads found in HDDs, solid-state disks (SSDs) comprise a number of flash memory chips mounted together in various configurations. They’re more expensive than mechanical drives but faster.

HDD – Your traditional mechanical hard disk has a number of platters (or disks) inside that spin when in use. That grating noise you hear is the read/write head skittering across the surface of each platter when your computer reads and writes data.

IP68 (or IP54 or whatever) – Provides an idea of how dust- and water-resistant a drive is. IP stands for “ingress protection.” The first number after that gives you an idea of how dust-resistant it is on a scale of 1 to 6. The second number indicates how water-resistant it is, on a scale of 1 to 9.

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